Harper's "Observations" points out the demands and threats being made by the French and encourages the peoples not to allow the United States to give into France's demands. Harper may be best known for his toast "Millions for Defense, but not a Cent for Tribute" made following the return of John Marshall from attempting to negotiate and discuss France's demands with Tallyrand in 1798. He was also the one who selected the name "Liberia," was council for Judge Samuel Chase in his impeachment trial and one of the only Federalist candidates for vice president. This work was popular among the Federalists and pro-British Americans as well as the British, so popular in fact that it was printed 19 times, here and in England, before 1799.